The Voice over Internet Protocol, or VoIP, architecture consists of end-user devices, gateways, gatekeepers, and the IP network. VoIP software is a collection of programs, applications, and protocols to manage the architecture. The importance of VoIP software is underlined by the growing demand for higher quality of service from consumers. Effective software programming translates into effective call handling, in terms of routing calls through less congested routes, and voice clarity.
VoIP software can be classified according to the different functionalities of the VoIP network. These functionalities include user interface management, call processing, network management and billing. The user interface software handles the interface with the user of the IP phone. Important user interface features include algorithms for compressing voice data, echo cancellation, and encryption.
Call processing servers are run by software to map the destination of the call. The software is a database program called a soft switch. The software translates the phone number to a unique IP address after verifying the validity of the number. Connect the two devices at both ends, after alerting the called party of the incoming call through a ring.
Call management software, called consoles, are applications that manage call status and distribution. This software provides bandwidth management. Some of the standard protocols are the H.323 session initiation protocol. To maintain quality of service, real-time protocol (RTP) is used. The software also manages networks.
Some of the software managed customer facing services are billing services. This includes prepaid and postpaid services. Some provide voice mail services that synthesize speech for mail. IP softphones are managed by software that allows the user to connect directly to the VoIP provider through a computer. Skype software is rapidly conquering the market with millions of phone minutes.
Another area where the software provides services is in call monitoring systems for call bureaus to manage calls and computer telephony integration for businesses.
Software development is accelerated by the need to solve various problems, such as packet loss and packet sequencing.